Covariance-Estimator Dependence of Ringdown Overtone Significance: A Coverage-Validated Real-Noise Calibration Standard铃宕泛音显著性对协方差估计器的依赖:一个经覆盖率验证的真实噪声标定标准

Shows a black-hole ringdown overtone's reported significance can swing by an order of magnitude with the analyst's noise-covariance estimator, and introduces a coverage-validated, covariance-choice-independent real-noise calibration standard — demonstrated on GW250114 and GW150914.证明黑洞铃宕泛音的报告显著性会因分析者所选的噪声协方差估计器而波动一个量级;提出一个经覆盖率验证、与协方差选择无关的真实噪声标定标准,并在 GW250114 与 GW150914 上演示。